Rare metal recycling DC electric furnace is a key equipment used
for recycling rare metals, playing an important role in the field
of rare metal recycling. Here is the relevant introduction:
Working principle
Rare metal recycling DC electric furnaces mainly use Joule heating
generated by direct current passing through electrodes to heat the
materials inside the furnace. In an electric furnace, the positive
and negative poles of a DC power supply are connected to different
electrodes. When current enters the furnace through the electrodes,
resistance heat is generated in the material, heating it to a high
temperature state. Due to the high melting points of rare metals
and their compounds, this method can cause physical and chemical
changes such as melting and decomposition of waste materials or
ores containing rare metals, thereby achieving the separation of
rare metals from other impurities and achieving the goal of
recovering rare metals.
Structural characteristics
Furnace body: Generally constructed with high-strength and high-temperature
resistant refractory materials to withstand high temperatures and
the erosion of materials inside the furnace. At the same time, the
furnace body has good insulation performance, which can reduce heat
loss and improve thermal efficiency.
Electrode system: composed of electrodes made of graphite or other high-temperature
conductive materials, which are inserted into the furnace through a
special sealing device. The function of electrodes is to introduce
direct current into the furnace and come into contact with the
materials inside, generating heat. The performance of electrodes
directly affects the heating effect and service life of electric
furnaces.
DC power supply system: provides stable DC current for the electric furnace. The system
usually includes rectification devices, voltage regulating devices,
and control devices, which can accurately adjust the current and
voltage according to the heating requirements inside the furnace,
ensuring that the electric furnace can maintain stable operation in
different working stages.
Feeding and discharging device: used to add materials containing
rare metals into the furnace and discharge slag and recovered rare
metals and other products outside the furnace after smelting is
completed. The feeding device needs to ensure that the material can
be evenly and stably added to the furnace, while the discharging
device should facilitate the smooth discharge of the product, while
minimizing heat loss and metal carryover loss.
Temperature monitoring and control system: equipped with temperature monitoring devices such as thermocouples
and thermometers, it monitors the temperature inside the furnace in
real time and feeds back the temperature signal to the control
system. The control system automatically adjusts the output of the
DC power supply according to the set temperature value, keeping the
temperature inside the furnace within an appropriate range to
ensure the recovery effect and quality of rare metals.
Performance advantages
Efficient heating: DC electric furnaces can generate high temperatures and have fast
heating speeds, which can effectively shorten the melting time for
rare metal recovery and improve production efficiency. Meanwhile,
due to the concentration of heat inside the furnace, the heat loss
is relatively small and the energy utilization rate is high.
Accurate temperature control: With advanced temperature monitoring and control systems, the
temperature inside the furnace can be precisely controlled within
the required range, which is crucial for the recovery of rare
metals. Different rare metals have different physical and chemical
properties under different temperature conditions, and precise
temperature control helps to improve the recovery rate and purity
of rare metals.
Convenient composition control: During the melting process, the composition of materials in the
furnace can be easily adjusted as needed, such as adding
appropriate reducing agents, fluxes, etc., to promote the reduction
and separation of rare metals. In addition, the melting environment
of DC electric furnaces is relatively stable, which is conducive to
precise control of the composition and quality of rare metals.
Good environmental performance: Compared with some traditional rare metal recycling methods, DC
electric furnaces generate relatively less pollutants such as
exhaust gas and waste residue during operation. By designing the
furnace structure reasonably and equipping corresponding
environmental protection equipment, it is possible to effectively
reduce exhaust emissions and dust flying, and reduce environmental
pollution.
